Fairweather, P.G. 1991. Implications of 'supply-side' ecology for environmental assessment and management. TREE. 6:60-63.

Faucher, A. and Whitehead, H. 1995. Importance of Habitat Protection for the Northern Bottlenose Whale in the Gully, Novia Scotia. Pages 99-102 in N.L. Shackell and J.H. Martin Willison (editors). Marine Protected Areas and Sustainable Fisheries. Published by Science and Management, Wolfville, Nova Scotia.

Northern bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus) have been studied since 1988 in the Gully, a deep submarine canyon near Sable Island, Nova Scotia. A population of about 300 individuals, including all ages and both sexes, uses the area year round. This is the most southern population of this North Atlantic species, and is probably distinct from the animals found in more arctic waters. The study of the bottlenose whales in the Gully is of special significance since it is the only systematic research which has ever been performed on any population or species of beaked whale. The very small, 8 x 12 km, core range of the bottlenose whales in the Gully is close to major transatlantic shipping route and is surrounded by oil and gas discoveries. Increased marine traffic oil or toxic chemical contamination as well as floating debris and noise pollution are potential hazards for the whales and their prey species. Given its low numbers, residency habits and relative isolation, the population of bottlenose whales in the Gully may be especially vulnerable to these threats. There is an urgent need to protect its habitat.

Fowler, S., and D. Laffoley. 1993. Stability in Mediterranean-Atlantic sessile epifaunal communities at the northern limits of their range. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 172:109-127.

Funicelli, N.A., D.R. Johnson, and D.A. Meineke. 1988. Assessment of the effectiveness of an existing fish sanctuary within the Kennedy Space Center. Special purpose report to the Marine Fisheries Commission of Florida. 54 p.

Shows benefits of closed fishing area in Cape Canaveral.