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The effort to protect marine areas has traditionally been done in a "top down" fashion with government regulation imposed on the users of the resource or the area. Yet effective habitat protection comes not only through the establishment of regulations but equally importantly, through a public educated in making wise environmental decisions. The process by which protected areas are established must therefore support the dual goals of protective regulations and public education. To achieve these goals, a new process-oriented partnership model for habitat protection which operates from the "bottom up", was developed and utilized in the recent establishment of Canada's first "no take" marine protected area in Whytecliff Park, West Vancouver, British Columbia.

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Klima, E.F., Matthews, G.A. and Patella, F.J. 1986. Abundance and distribution of pink shrimp in and around the Tortugas Sanctuary, 1981-1983. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 6:301-10.

Showed beneficial effects of single species closed areas.

Klima, E.F., Matthews, G.A. and Patella, F.J. 1986. Synopsis of the Tortugas pink shrimp fishery, 1960-1983, and the impact of the Tortugas sanctuary. North Am. J. Fish. Manag. 6:301- 310.

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